50,000 ghost learners put school heads, ministry directors in trouble
Education
By
Lewis Nyaundi
| Sep 18, 2025
School heads and senior Ministry of Education officials could soon be shown the door as pressure mounts over discovery of 50,000 ghost learners, draining taxpayers of billion in capitation funds.
MPs on Wednesday, pressed Basic Education PS Julius Bitok to explain who benefited from the inflated student numbers.
With each learner receiving Sh17,000 annual capitation, it means that the fake enrolments translate to about about Sh850 million every year.
A source at the ministry said with an estimated three-year remittance, it is estimated that about Sh2.5 billion could have been sent to non-existent students.
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Prof Bitok told MPs that the ghost learners were revealed after the completion of a verification exercise on 17,400 schools out of the targeted 32,000.
Parliament heard that the number could double once the audit is completed, raising concern that the country may have lost up to Sh5 billion in the last three years.
Education CS Julius Ogamba told The Standard that heads of the affected schools and sub-county directors would be held to account.
“This audit (verification exercise) is the first step, the next will be to audit the release of the money to schools to establish who were the heads of these institutions, and who were the sub-county directors. After that, we will hand over the matter to investigating agencies,” he said.
In Parliament, Bitok said the ministry had screened 5,795 primary, 5,125 junior, 5,792 secondary, and 614 special needs schools; about 60 per cent of all institutions.
And now, MPs are calling for the prosecution of those who presided over the racket.
Legislators pressed the PS to explain the discrepancy between student numbers submitted by schools and those recorded by sub-county Directors of Education.
Education Committee chairman, Julius Melly, dismissed assurances that implicated officers would be reshuffled, insisting that only disciplinary action and prosecution would suffice.
“No, we don’t want you to do a reshuffle, we want disciplinary action. If they have capitated students for those years, what were they doing? What was your director general doing? What was your finance officer doing? People have to be held accountable,” he said.
Bitok explained that the ministry would subject those involved to the public service disciplinary procedures once the verification exercise is completed.
Committee members accused the ministry of downplaying the scandal, warning against “cover-ups.”
Despite the revelations, the PS said the ministry is yet to unearth any ghost school.
“As of now, we can’t confidently say that there are ghost schools. We can say the numbers have gone down, but within a week we should have a clearer position,” he said.
At the same time, the crackdown on inflated numbers has already paralysed schools, with over 14,000 institutions yet to receive funds as the ministry withholds disbursements pending verification.
Only 17,400 of the country’s 32,000 institutions have been cleared and received capitation.
However, the PS doubled down on an earlier declaration that only schools that have been vetted and cleared would be funded.
“I want to give a firm commitment that by Friday, all schools whose enrolment has been verified will have received capitation,” said Bitok, further noting that the ministry projects to have verified up to 20,000 institutions.
To seal the enrolment gaps, Bitok said the ministry would soon roll out Maisha Namba for learners for permanent identifiers that will later be used as the national IDs when they turn 18.
The PS said the identifier would be used in the new education management system, Kenya Education Management Information System, set to be launched in January to curb manipulation of enrolment data.