Why Ruto's grand promises to teachers could be a pipe dream

President William Ruto’s pledges to teachers are already facing a storm of doubt, with many of the promises set to mature long after his first term ends in 2027.

From school funding to promotions, medical cover, and housing, the headline commitments that drew cheers and chants of victory at State House on Saturday could collapse under political, legal, and financial realities.

With the 2027 General Election already looming, Ruto’s promises to teachers are shaping up as a litmus test of his credibility, as many of the reforms are designed to mature in a second term that is far from guaranteed.

Stakeholders warn that what looked like triumph for teachers may prove a mirage.

“These pledges stretch beyond 2027. With shaky reforms and timelines tied to an uncertain second term, there is every reason to question whether this is another dose of political sweet talk,” said an education stakeholder who attended the meeting.

One of the President’s announcements was the plan to increase school capitation to the recommended levels of Sh2,238 per primary pupil and Sh22,000 per secondary student. 

Ruto promised that the gap would be bridged in two phases — half in the 2025/2026 financial year and the remainder in 2026/2027. 

But with the final instalment falling in the middle of an election year, there is fear among stakeholders that the full rollout may never materialise.

The proposal comes amid outcry by school heads that schools were receiving slashed capitation from Sh22,244 to Sh17,000. This, school heads indicate, has greatly hurt operations in the institutions.

The President also declared that the Collective Bargaining Agreement cycle for teachers would be shortened from four years to either two or three, citing the need for faster reviews. 

Yet educationist Janet Muthoni pointed out that the current CBA already runs from 2025 to 2029, well beyond the President’s first term. 

“Any early renegotiation would hinge not on Ruto but on whether the next government embraces or scraps it, leaving the pledge more of a campaign talking point than a deliverable,” Muthoni said.

Ruto further dismissed the current teachers’ medical cover as inefficient, saying inpatient access stood at just seven per cent compared to higher averages among civil servants.  However, with the contract set to expire in November, the government has barely two months to overhaul the scheme. 

Insiders told The Standard that teachers are more likely to be moved under the Social Health Authority, the new national insurer, than given a tailor-made arrangement. 

Basic Education PS Julius Bitok has previously hinted at this shift, making the President’s promise of a bespoke scheme appear more aspirational than actionable.

But while addressing lawmakers in parliament in April, former Teachers Service Commission chief executive Nancy Macharia said earlier engagements with the SHA management revealed that the insurer was in no capacity to sustain the teachers scheme.

The Standard established that a quiet directive has been issued to migrate all teachers to SHA.

“This seems more of a secret plan to migrate teachers to SHA rather than enhance their current medical scheme,” Emmanuel Manyasa, Executive Director of Usawa Agenda, told the Standard.

Similarly, Ruto’s promise that teachers would be allocated at least 20 per cent of the affordable housing units could also ruffle feathers within the public service.

Education stakeholders predict that the move could see other civil servants and workers demand similar treatment, setting off an equity storm that could unravel the entire project. 

Education policy expert Dr Manyasa warned that such preferential treatment could backfire.

“Once you give teachers 20 per cent, what stops nurses, police officers, or other civil servants from demanding the same? This is the kind of policy move that can collapse the programme before it takes off,” he said. 

Perhaps the most politically charged promise was the immediate review of the Career Progression Guidelines, a promotion system that unions and teachers have opposed for years.

Ruto ordered the ministry and unions to move swiftly on the matter, but history shows similar promises in both the 2021 and 2025 CBAs failed to yield progress. 

The repeated stalling raises questions over whether the President’s directive will change anything or simply join the pile of unfulfilled reforms.

The president also announced plans to recruit long-neglected P1 teachers who have waited for employment since 2011, and directed that CBC resource centres be established in every sub-county in partnership with MPs through CDF.

“Education is at the heart of our transformation agenda. My wife, a teacher, always reminds me that in teaching, you move from the known to the unknown. Today, I want teachers to know their government is committed to resolving their problems,” Ruto declared. 

Critics argue the president overstepped his mandate by pronouncing himself on matters constitutionally assigned to independent bodies like the TSC, the Salaries and Remuneration Commission (SRC), and even Parliament. “Matters of teacher promotions, salaries, and CBA implementation belong to the TSC and SRC. Parliament appropriates funds, not the State House. What we saw was a cover-up, not a solution.

“Teachers’ issues cannot be resolved through presidential decrees,” said Khanyalabandu Amunga, an education advocate and researcher with the Kenya Women Teachers Association.

Janet Ouko Muthoni, director of the Tunza Mtoto Coalition, called this a roadside declaration.

“The President has a habit of making promises that are never delivered. Calling 10,000 teachers to the State House for matters that belong to constitutional commissions is a sabotage of institutions. It’s not a focus group; it’s a mob rally designed for politics,” she said.

If Ruto’s pledges raised constitutional questions, the conduct of union leaders drew outright anger.

Instead of pressing the president on delayed capitation, housing levy deductions, and the collapsing Minet medical cover, some union chiefs used the platform to endorse Ruto’s second-term bid.

Teachers felt betrayed by union officials, terming it a political conversion.

“We gave Collins Oyuu (Knut Secretary-General) our agenda before the meeting. Instead, he stood up to endorse the President. We were disappointed,” Amunga revealed.

He said the unions’ dependence on government-collected dues, the so-called “oxygen” or power to exist, has made them lame-duck.

“Our unions are not independent. Once their oxygen is threatened, they bend,” Amunga added.

Amunga, who was in attendance, related the president’s promises as a mere crusade in the air.

“Ruto speaks like a faith preacher. He declares miracles, cripples will walk, capitation will be paid, and housing will be allocated. But when we leave, reality hits: Schools still lack funds, teachers stagnate in positions, and CBAs remain unimplemented,” said Amunga, a sentiment shared by Muthoni.

“The Ministry of Education has become a factory of fake news. Teachers are told things at the State House that never materialise. Instead of accountability, we get handouts. It is embarrassing for such a noble profession,” Muthoni said.

National Parents Association chairman Silas Obuhatsa expressed worry over the fate of learners.

“If teachers can be fooled by political theatrics, what happens to our children?” he questioned.

However, Kuppet Chairman and Emuhaya MP Omboko Milemba hailed the meeting, terming it a breakthrough in teachers’ issues.

“For the first time, teachers engaged the President directly. We agreed to reduce the CBA implementation period from four years to two. If achieved, that will be a huge win,” he said.

Milemba noted progress on the career stagnation of teachers, adding that it will solve the teacher shortage gap.

“Thousands of teachers acting as deputies, principals, or HoDs will now be confirmed. Teachers in hardship areas also had their concerns heard. This was not just politics; it was practical,” he said.

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Amunga pointed out that teachers were a convenient platform to socialise the rollout of the controversial SHA medical scheme and the affordable housing levy. Both have been criticised as burdensome and unconstitutional.

“Teachers were used as currency in a Sh19 billion medical cover battle. This was less about policy and more about business interests,” he said.

Muthoni avers: “Teachers have been deducted for housing, yet the president claims to ‘gift’ them 20 per cent of the houses. How does he gift what is already ours? This is not governance; it is manipulation.”

The State House spectacle leaves the education sector at a crossroads. With a looming teachers’ strike, parents anxious about capitation shortfalls, and Grade 9 students facing uncertainty ahead of next year’s transition, the stakes are high.

She argued that unless promises translate into budgetary allocations and independent institutions are respected, the State House dialogue will go down as political theatre.

“A promise is a comfort to a fool. If capitation arrears remain unpaid, if CBAs are not costed in Parliament, if unions continue to endorse politicians instead of fighting for teachers, then nothing has changed,” she said.